Advice · Education · Playing techniques · Teaching techniques

Mastering Trumpet Articulation: The Power of Articulated Air

So, what does Articulated Air mean? Some teachers may refer to articulation or tonguing as an isolated discipline in trumpet playing. The reality is that everything comes back to the way that we control our flow of air through the trumpet. This is nothing new, of course, we know that the air is what fuels the machinery of our music-making. So why, do we as teachers so often talk to students in terms that can be confusing and take the emphasis away from the only truly crucial element?

The use of language in teaching, particularly with younger and developing minds is crucial to give clarity of message and to make sure that the correct mental triggers are in place to help them in their development. This is a concept in which I have a great interest and have worked extensively with students and teachers to develop a way of communicating sometimes complex ideas in a simple and straightforward way.

The relaxed and full breath at the start of any phrase is always crucial and should be foremost in the player’s mind, no matter how challenging the exercise may appear. A beautiful sound is only possible from a sense of relaxation and should always be aspired to. I try to avoid words such as blow and push, as they automatically trigger a sense of tension in the mind and body. Instead, we think about releasing the air through the trumpet, and setting up a steady flow of air.

Articulated Air is a concept that adds the tongue (in various shapes and positions depending on what you are playing) to your airstream. The focus as ever is on the breath in and supporting the flow of air out. We set up the air to flow and allow the tongue to articulate as the icing on the cake.

In this publication, I have developed several exercises that encourage this natural use of articulated air. Many of them also include aspects of traditional airflow and flexibility work to make sure that the emphasis remains on this. In our standard repertoire of standard methods and study books (including Arban, Clarke, Schlossberg, Vizzutti etc.) there are many excellent exercises that can and should also be used. It is important though to always focus on this relaxed air. This can easily be forgotten during an intense practice session.

Below are 4 chapters from the book (Articulation Slur Warm-ups, Circle of 5ths Articulation Patterns, Dotted Rhythms and Irregular Patterns) which you are welcome to download and use for free:

VISIT THE ‘EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES’ PAGE FOR FREE WORKSHEETS AND LINKS TO OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Playing techniques · Teaching techniques · Trumpets

Residential Trumpet Course Feature: The Australasian Trumpet Academy 2017

Across the world there are some wonderful opportunities for players, young and not-so-young, to develop their trumpet playing in a relaxed and fun environment away from home. Over the next few weeks I will be featuring a number of these great courses that will be happening in 2017.

The first of these is the ATA (Australasian Trumpet Academy) hosted by John Foster. This course has been running for just a few years but has already established a great reputation due to the fantastic calibrate of tutors and the beautiful surroundings of Queensland’s Gold Coast.

The course experience is best summed up by course participant Emma Bolton from Sydney, Australia:

“For two years running I have been a participant in the Australasian Trumpet Academy (ATA) hosted by John Foster (International Trumpet Soloist and Artistic Director of Australian Baroque Brass), and have found it to be an invaluable source of knowledge as well as a wonderful opportunity to connect with other trumpeters from both Australia and overseas. Held in a beautiful tropical location in the Gold Coast hinterland, trumpeters have gathered from all over Australia, New Zealand and abroad to glean knowledge from the ATA clinicians. The world class guest artists have included international trumpet soloists Vince DiMartino and Rex Richardson, Guiliano Sommerhalder (principal trumpet of Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra, Yoram Levy (principal trumpet of Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra), Dr. Joel Brennan (University of Melbourne), and of course, John Foster. 

ATA provides an opportunity for budding trumpeters to advance their skills in a fun and friendly environment. ATA 2017 will see John joined by Paul Beniston (Principal Trumpet London Philharmonic Orchestra), Gabriel DiMartino (Trumpet Professor East Carolina University) and Dr Jason Dovel (Trumpet Professor University of Kentucky). 

ATA includes daily warm ups lead by the tutors, masterclasses, a mock audition, and the notorious ‘Trumpet Olympics’. It’s all topped of with a multitude of ensemble playing which is performed at the Queensland Conservatorium of Music on the final day. One addition John made to ATA in 2016 was to award an ATA trumpet prize in the form of a new instrument, provided courtesy of Yamaha Australia. The prize is awarded to a participant based on overall performance and contributions during the academy.

John (a published author on the baroque trumpet) leads a masterclass on the fundamentals of baroque technique; perfect for those who haven’t been able try a baroque trumpet. 

For those who have had experience, some of the ensemble repertoire is performed on period instruments. The cornetto even made an appearance on ATA 2016!

In the brief moments of time off, participants can check out the platypus pond, glowworm caves or even go for an early morning jog to admire the beautiful surroundings. Night-time provides a break from playing but becomes slightly more intense with games and competitions.

Both years I have eagerly awaited ATA and have thoroughly enjoyed my time there. I’m looking forward to ATA 2017!”

You can visit www.austrumpetacademy.com for details of this year’s course which takes place 3-8 October.

Gear · Teaching techniques · Trumpets

Resources for Group Trumpet Tuition

Music education has changed drastically over the past few years, and is a topic upon which instrumental teachers have often lamented.  In the UK in particular we had a sudden shift to whole-class and group instrumental tuition 12 years ago, which has taken a long time to establish itself as anything more than a musical experience for children.  Now that teachers are getting more accustomed to this setting and scenario, approaches to teaching beginner students are having to change with the focus particularly in the early weeks and months on having fun, rather than a technical grounding.

From my experience, I felt ill-equipped with suitable resources moving into group teaching (2005-2010), so found that I was primarily relying on writing and creating my own.  I know that this is a similar story that I have heard from many other trumpet teachers too.  In many respects this is a good thing as you do not become bound to a ‘method’ and any materials that you do use are purely as a resource rather than a learning guide.  In this setting particularly, improvisation (both from students and teachers!), singing, general musicianship and listening become even more important tools.

As we have all adjusted to these changes, many of the available teaching materials and ‘tutor books’ have now changed as well.  Here I have given a run-down of many of the methods and resources that can be useful for teaching beginning students in a group situation.

Trumpet Basics – John Miller (pub. Faber) 

This is a great step-by-step method, with a nice mix of different styles too.  The ensemble pieces included here are well-arranged and work really well.  The layout is clear and is engaging for learners of all ages.  The only negative aspect is that there are not many pieces that are suitable for a mixed ability group, and it does rely on everyone progressing at a pretty similar rate.

Standard of Excellence – Bruce Pearson (pub. Kjos) 

The variety of exercises and tunes here is great, and the ensemble stuff, particularly mixing with the other brass instruments is well thought out and fun.  The layout though could probably do with being updated as younger children particularly seem much more engaged by an open layout with pictures and diagrams as well as the notation.  Some of the repertoire could also do with a facelift.

Team Brass – Richard Duckett (pub. Faber) 

I really like the step-by-step nature of this method as each page introduces new elements while also consolidating the previous page.  This alongside the nice ensemble arrangements makes this a good resource particularly for mixed instruments.  The repertoire and the layout though are a little outdated now and perhaps is not as engaging for younger children as some of the other options available.

Essential Elements (pub. Hal Leonard) 

This has good varied content and works well with combinations of all brass and woodwind.  The ensembles work nicely, although involves some adaptation to work with mixed abilities.  The online resources are also really well integrated, with apps available for phone and tablet.

The Boosey Brass Method (pub. Boosey & Hawkes) 

This has a lovely, clear and engaging layout.  It is full of great games and activities that are good for at home as well as in the lesson.  A particular feature that I really like is visualising of notes as ‘building blocks’ to help encourage controlled air flow.  This tutor book is however aimed more at individual or small group tuition with lots of nice mixed ability duets, but no arrangements ‘ready to go’ for larger ensembles.

ABRSM Music Medals (pub. ABRSM) 

The Music Medals offer good targets and in-class assessment for children learning in a group, and there are a number of good resources too.  The ensemble book has a nice selection, but it is very narrow in style.  The ‘musicianship’ side of the syllabus seems a little dry and is also quite hard to teach to groups of younger children in an engaging manner.

Trinity College London – Small Group Tests, & First Access Tests for whole classes (pub. Trinity) 

As with the Music Medals, this is a way of setting targets and offering individual assessment (and certificates) to children learning in groups.  There is a nice variety of repertoire with many different styles represented.  There is also a real emphasis on ear work and improvisation, and all of the tunes have lyrics to encourage aural development.

There are obviously a lot of other resources both in print, as audio, video and online that I have not covered here, and I am very interested to hear of teachers’ experiences with the materials above, or indeed any others that have been useful to readers.

Gear · Teaching techniques · Trumpets

Bagpipe Lung

A New Year brings with it a fresh start, and a resolution to keep instruments clean and hygienic.  If you need any further confirmation of the importance of keeping your instrument clean, please read on!…

Back in August 2016, the BBC and numerous other news agencies were reporting on a journal article written by doctors at Manchester’s Wythenshawe Hospital.  They described a rare but fatal case of what they described as “bagpipe lung” in a 61-year-old patient.  The deceased man is thought to have developed a bad reaction to mould and fungi lurking inside the moist interior of his bagpipes.

The patient had been struggling with respiratory problems over a number of years, during which time doctors had ruled out all possible environmental causes that they could think of.  On a hunch, the doctors sent away the pipes for testing only to reveal that the instrument was riddled with damp-loving mould and fungi – the types that the doctors know can cause serious lung problems.

Sadly, the damage that had already occurred to the man’s lungs was irreversible.  His condition deteriorated and he tragically died some weeks later.

There have also been a number of other documented cases of this in the UK with Saxophone, Trombone and Trumpet players.  Fortunately in these cases, the cause was identified early enough for the patients to recover.

So what steps do we need to take to prevent the build of yeast and other harmful pathogens in our trumpets?

Fortunately the answer to this is nowhere near as complicated as the problems faced by this patient or his doctors.  Regular cleaning.  Whether an instrument is being used regularly or not, the damp environment is a perfect breeding ground for all sorts of nasties.

Woodwind instruments where the instrument can be easily swabbed after every playing to remove moisture are pretty straightforward to keep in a hygienic state.  Brass on the other hand is not so easily attended on a daily basis, so it is important that we flush them out and clean them thoroughly when we do make the time.  I generally suggest to student that this is done monthly.

Taking the instrument apart and soaking it in a hot bath with a mild detergent is generally the best starting point to help to loosen dirt and grime.  I would then suggest both a brush pull-though and then a sponge pull-through to drag out the offending matter!  Finally a rinse through with hot (but not boiling) water should leave your trumpet clean.

I have found some really good quality pull-throughs etc for this purpose, links to a few are listed below this article.

You may also be interested in a few of these simple products that I have found that can be useful for keeping your instrument free of grime on a daily/weekly basis, meaning that you can perhaps do the “full flush” slightly less frequently.

Spitballs from Herco have been around for years, seemed to fall out of favour, and have now made a big comeback.  These are specially treated pieces of moist foam that are blown right through the instrument.  On their own, they will not take the place of a thorough flush, but used regularly reduce the need for frequent full cleans.  These are really popular with trumpet players, although not so popular with anyone who is on the receiving end of one exiting a trumpet bell at speed!  The link to the manufacturer’s webstore is here, although it is also available from most good music stores.  http://store.jimdunlop.com/p/he185si-sm-spitballs-18-jar

There has been a huge drive towards using natural and/or non-toxic ingredients in oils and cleaning materials recently.  One interesting company that I have come across are B Sharp Brass.  Their Virtuoso Cleaning Kit includes a really good instrument soak that you dilute to clean your instrument – the residue from this also helps to prevent build up in the instrument too.  http://www.bsharpbrass.com/products

There are loads of good brush pull-throughs around, too many to list here, but I generally favour ones without too much bare wire to scratch the inside of the instrument.  In addition to these, I like the following kit from Reka which has perfectly sized spheres on the end of the cleaning cord and bars, perfect for dragging out any last bits of dirt.  http://www.reka-web.com/228/

Playing techniques · Teaching techniques

Never Mind the Day Job

For 12 years after graduating from music college, I considered myself to be a professional trumpet player – in that my primary income came from playing the trumpet. Like many other musicians I also pursued other avenues on the side, such as teaching, arranging, etc. There are a multitude of fabulous musicians who manage to keep incredible practice and performance levels up even though they have numerous balls to keep in the air. This requires a huge level of commitment and focus, and is not the subject that I am going to address here!

This is about players who are either coming back to the trumpet after a period of time away, or manage to continue playing to a high level even though they are gainfully employed full-time doing something completely different.

Having made a career change 5 years ago and taken a ‘proper job’, I continued to try to rely on what I thought I knew about practising to get me through the occasional engagement that I would take on. Practising became physically painful (both to me and anyone unfortunate enough to hear it) as I went back to my ‘tried and tested’ routines that used to set me up nicely for a tough night’s work. The gigs were a huge struggle as I battled with the new mind-set that the best that I could expect was to ‘get away with it’.

Eventually I made a choice to stop playing completely as I could not enjoy it if I did not feel that I was playing at my best … and I could not work out how to achieve that whilst doing a 50-60 hour per week day job. Predictably though, as any recovering trumpeter will tell you, the urge to play again just got too great!

About 18 months ago, I realised that I needed to start enjoying playing music again. My day job involved talking about trumpets all day, and aside from some instrument testing, I had gone for over a year without doing any practice or performing. I needed a plan, and the first step was to clarify exactly what I wanted to achieve, what time resources I had available, and to come up with a clear and realistic set of expectations.

So… 20 minutes practice, 4-5 days a week.  This was what I felt that I could commit to. It sounds like nothing, especially to players who are accustomed to having a mouthpiece surgically removed from their chops after a long day in the studio!

I wanted to get back to a decent, solid and functional technique, and most importantly a core sound that I was happy to listen to.  I left behind the study and practice books that I used to use through college and as a young pro.  I dusted off old materials that I had used in high school as well as researching new stuff that was pitched at the level that I was aiming.  Have I yet achieved the standard that I intended? NO … Am I enjoying playing the trumpet and performing again? Most definitely…YES!

My advice now for anyone looking to get back into playing the trumpet, or trying to find a new way of incorporating some playing into an already busy schedule, is ‘take it back to basics’ and make sure that you find materials that you can enjoy practising.

I have found some really interesting resources on this subject that I recommend that you check out:

The Comeback Trumpet Player by Mark Hendricks: http://mphmusic.com/blog/comeback-trumpet-player/the-comeback-trumpet-player-tips-1/

Tools for Trumpet Players with Day Jobs: Workshop Notes by Dan Hallock: http://www.trumpetguild.org/resources/pedagogy/category/8-articles-and-essays?download=193:tools-for-trumpet-players-with-day-jobs-dan-hallock-2010doc

Starting Over Again by David Brown: http://www.trumpetguild.org/resources/pedagogy/category/8-articles-and-essays?download=192:starting-over-again-the-true-comeback-player-david-brown-2013docx